History Of Sultan Muhammad Faith In English The Ottoman Empire
We tell you how each newcomer Ottoman ruler wanted to fulfil the dream of his great-grandfather, Usman Ghazi. In addition, in our Article on white-bearded spies, the "Aqsaqal" We have also told you the prophecy of the Holy Prophet which he made about the army that conquered Constantinople. From Usman Ghazi to Sultan Murad II,
Everyone tried their best to conquer this city, but the person in whose destiny this happiness was written is named Sultan Muhammad II.
Which became known as Sultan Muhammad the Conqueror in history and in today's Post we are going to tell you the story of Sultan Muhammad the Conqueror. Born on March 30,
1432 at Adrana, Sultan Muhammad the Conqueror's father was Sultan Murad Sani and his mother was Huma Khatun. Sultan Muhammad was intelligent, militant and hardworking from his childhood. When he was 11 years old, Sultan Murad sent him as governor of the state of Amasya to gain experience in governing there.
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The Sultan sent the best teachers there to train Muhammad. Muhammad Sani received religious and secular education there as well as all kinds of military training. In August 1444, Sultan Murad recalled his son and handed over the throne to him, thinking of spending the rest of his life in worship.
So when the young Muhammad became Sultan, he was only 12 years old. It was not long before Christian armies united and marched on the Ottoman Empire. At that time, there were fears of a war in Varna. So Sultan Muhammad wrote a letter to his father asking him to come and take command of the army. But Sultan Murad refused and preferred a life of asceticism. Sultan Muhammad rewrote a letter to Sultan Murad II and wrote:
If you are a sultan then come and lead your army and if I am a sultan I command you to lead my army Sultan Murad returned and led the Ottoman forces in the Battle of Varna in late 1444. He left his son as sultan in Adrana and engaged in war himself. The Muslims won a glorious victory in this war.
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In September 1446, Sultan Murad regained power because some of his ministers were not happy with the rule of this 'child' and Sultan Muhammad was sent back to Amasya. After the death of Sultan Murad II on February 3, 1451, according to his will, Sultan Muhammad II regained the throne and became the ruler of the Ottoman Empire.
He was only 19 at the time, but he was old enough to govern. Prince Orkhan, a grandson of Sultan Bayezid Yildirim, the fourth Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, was imprisoned in Constantinople, and the Ottomans had to send money every month in return for this imprisonment. Constantinople, ie Istanbul, had become the most important city of the time under the control of the Byzantine Christian Empire.
The city had remained unconquered until now, and when Sultan Muhammad II came to power, Constantinople was ruled by Constantine. When Sultan Muhammad II ascended the throne, Constantine demanded an increase in the amount and threatened to bring Prince Orkhan against Sultan Muhammad if he did not comply.
Constantine thought that perhaps Sultan Muhammad was just as inexperienced as he was a few years ago. But he did not know how much Sultan Muhammad's abilities had increased in those few years. And Sultan Muhammad himself already intended to conquer Constantinople. His prime minister, Khalil Pasha, wrote to Constantine:
"This foolish demand of yours will put Constantinople in the hands of our Sultan. Declare Orkhan Sultan in Europe, even if you call on Hungary for help. Soon you will see the end of the Byzantine Empire."
Constantinople was a very important city. Understand that if Muslims were to conquer Europe, Constantinople was their gate. But it was very difficult to conquer this city because the walls of this city were very strong and it was difficult because of the land on one side and the sea on the other side.
Numerous armies came and hit the walls of the city and retreated. Due to which Constantinople became famous that this city could not be conquered. In fact, as soon as Sultan Muhammad ascended the throne, he began preparations to invade Constantinople. Because it had become their purpose in life, Sultan Muhammad first removed the threat from all other enemies. They made peace with the Amir of Ker mania.
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There were a few uprisings, he put an end to them and reconciled wih Honyade on a three-year deal. thus Sultan Muhammad was satisfied that he would be able to concentrate on Constantinople in peace. The first thing Sultan Muhammad did was to build a fort about five miles from Constantinople. During the construction of this fort many small battles of the Turks took place with the soldiers of Constantine but it continued.
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The fort was completed before the winter of 1452. The Bosporus was now under Ottoman rule and no ship could pass without the permission of Sultan Muhammad. Now Sultan Muhammad paid attention to the rest of the preparations. In Adriana, Sultan Muhammad gathered an army of one and a half lakh. But the army alone could not capture the city. A few more arrangements were also necessary. This city was triangular.
Which had sea on both sides. So the evil ground forces could only attack from one side. But that part was strong enough. Three successive walls guarded this section. The inner two walls were extremely strong. The median distance between each wall was sixty feet. There was also a 100 feet deep trench between the second and third wall.
These walls were built by the emperor Theodosius II in the fifth century AD. And so far all the attacks have failed. The conquest of Constantinople required artillery shelling of these walls. The use of cannons was being abandoned at that time, but Sultan Muhammad declared the old cannons a failure and built new great cannons.
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A Christian engineer named Urban left his Byzantine job at that time and came to Sultan Muhammad. He made a huge magnificent cannon. The diameter of the shell was two and a half feet. He also built small artillery that could quickly drop shells. In addition,
Sultan Muhammad built a fleet of 180 ships that could attack the city from the water.
For two years you were very busy preparing for the siege. Constantine, the ruler of Constantinople, also knew that the young Muhammad was determined to invade the city. So he too began preparations to defend the city.
He repaired the city further and began to collect as much supplies as he could. He wrote letters to European rulers asking for help. But the intervention of the Greek clergy did not help him much.
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